Global Mass Gathering Events and Deaths Due to Crowd Surge Stampedes Crush and Physical Injuries – Lessons from the Seoul Halloween and Other Disast

In 2022, 156 died and 170 suffered crush injuries during a Halloween festival in Seoul, South Korea. The authors reviewed mass gathering events from 1990-2022 to better understand variables associated with similar incidents and found a lack of consistent global data. They stress the importance of reviewing "data from low-profile stampedes from lower-resource host countries" to develop more comprehensive prevention and response programs.